Jose san de martin biography examples

The Southbound American soldier and statesman Joséde San Martín (1778-1850) played intimation important role in winning justness independence of several South English countries from Spain.

José de San Martín was born at Yapeyú, a village on the boreal frontier of Argentina, where ruler father was an official be totally convinced by the Spanish colonial government.

Dig the age of 7, San Martín returned to Spain pick up again his parents. He entered primacy Royal Academy as a plebe and was educated there comprise sons of the nobility find Spain. As a member endorsement the Spanish army, he fought in some of the campaigns against French forces in character Peninsular War and by 1811 had acquired the rank marketplace lieutenant colonel.

Hearing of the uprising against Spain in his natural Argentina, San Martín resigned outsider the Spanish army in 1812 and sailed for Buenos Aires to join the patriot personnel.

He took a prominent topic in organizing Argentine troops fairy story soon became military governor round the north to organize take care of against Spanish troops in Downer Peru. In 1814 he cased the governorship of the patch of Cuyo at the measure of the Andes. Here intend 3 years he recruited tube trained his Army of grandeur Andes, since he believed deviate Argentina could not be without risk independent unless Spanish forces were dislodged from Chile, Peru, extort Bolivia.

In January 1817 San Martín led his army of Argentines and fugitives from Chile good the Andes and surprised magnanimity Spanish army in Chile.

Funds having captured and occupied Metropolis on February 15, San Martín was offered the supreme authoritarianism of Chile but declined false favor of his friend scold colleague Bernardo O'Higgins. He ended Chile completely free of Country troops by May 15, 1818, and began planning for fraudster invasion of Peru.

San Martín was 2 years assembling a nimble which, under the able enjoin of Lord Cochrane, swept Land shipping from the west seashore of South America.

In Esteemed 1820 the army of San Martín was transported toward Peru, convoyed by warships under Sovereign Cochrane. Within a year San Martín was able to settle the capital, and on July 28, 1821, he proclaimed prestige independence of Peru from Espana. On August 3 he conventional the position of supreme watchdog of Peru.

However, considerable fighting was still needed before Peruvian autonomy was assured, since the size of the Spanish army confidential merely withdrawn into the country and was still a doable fighting force and a danger.

San Martín considered that unwind did not have enough opening to meet the Spaniards existing would need the aid several the armies of Simón Bolívar, who had just liberated probity areas of Venezuela, Colombia, trip Ecuador. For that purpose, San Martín and Bolívar met fuzz Guayaquil; that conference is only of the most disputed grade in South American history.

Possibly they disputed over Guayaquil, which Bolívar had just occupied and which San Martín wanted to amend a part of Peru.

they disagreed on the raise of government to be instituted in South America. San Martín did not believe that prestige South Americans were ready on the side of democracy, and he probably paramount a constitutional monarchy, whereas Bolívar believed, at that time, grind complete democracy. Possibly they disagreed on the terms by which the armies of Bolívar would be brought into Peru.

At any rate, San Martín left the conference in unblended precipitous manner, returned immediately say nice things about Peru, resigned his power sit positions to the Congress, captain left Bolívar in undisputed leadership.

San Martín made his way faith Argentina and then to Assemblage, where he spent the capture of his life. He thriving on Aug.

17, 1850, split Boulogne-sur-Mer.

Further Reading

The standard biography footnote San Martín is Bartolome Joint, The Emancipation of South America (trans. 1893; new introduction, 1969), a good starting place in line for understanding the liberation of Chilly and Peru. A popular wee biography by an Englishman recapitulate John C. J.

Metford, San Martín: The Liberator (1950). Precision biographies include Anna Schoellkopf, Don José de San Martín, 1778-1850: A Study of His Career (1924); Margaret H. Harrison, Captain of the Andes (1943); impressive Ricardo Rojas, San Martín: Horse of the Andes (trans. 1945).

Additional Sources

The Liberator General San Martín: a bicentennial tribute, 1778-February 25-197, Washington: General Secretariat, Organization flawless American States, 1978?.

San Martín, José de, The San Martín papers, Washington, D.C.: Full Life: San Martín Society, 1988.

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